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Therapie
Gebärmutterhalskrebs: neue OP-Methode verbessert
die Überlebenschancen um bis zu 20%
Mit
Hilfe einer neuen, verfeinerten Operationsmethode
konnte eine Arbeitsgruppe um Professor Michael
Höckel an der Universität Leipzig zeigen,
dass sich die Behandlungserfolge bei einem
Gebärmutterhalskrebs im Frühstadium deutlich
optimieren lassen. Mit Hilfe dieser Technik
kam es zu weniger Komplikationen, zu einem
Rückgang der Sterblichkeit und einem erniedrigten
Risiko von lokalen Neuerkrankungen (lokale
Rezidive).
Im renommierten Fachblatt The Lancet
stellten die Forscher die Therapiemethode
vor, die als
totale mesometriale Resektion (TMMR)
bezeichnet wird. Bei dieser Technik wird
in der Umgebung des Tumors gezielter weniger
Gewebe operativ entfernt, so dass die für
viele Komplikationen verantwortliche Schädigung
des autonomen Nervensystems weitgehend vermieden
wird. Die Autoren der Studie vermieden auch
die heute übliche postoperative Bestrahlung,
die selbst auch viele Komplikationen verursacht.
Insgesamt
zeigte sich, dass 96% der mit einer TMMR behandelten
Patientinnen die Operation 5 Jahre überlebten.
Obgleich 63% der Patientinnen in eine Hochrisiko-Gruppe
einzuordnen waren, kam es nur in 5% zu einem
erneuten Auftreten des Tumors. Das ist deutlich
besser als die bei der normalen Standard-Therapie
zu beobachtenden 28%.
Bei Patientinnen mit bereits eingetretenem
Lymphknotenbefall lag die 5-Jahres-Überlebensrate
bei 91% gegenüber den derzeit üblichen 68-78%.
Die Leipziger Forscher kamen zu dem Fazit,
dass die Überlebenschancen der betroffenen
Patientinnen mit Hilfe der TMMR - und
unter Verzicht auf die derzeit noch übliche
Bestrahlung - um
15-20% erhöht werden können.
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zum
Jahresindex 2009


Die
vollständige englischsprachige Version dieser Studie
finden Sie
hier
THE LANCET ONCOLOGY: Press Release
NEW SURGICAL TECHNIQUE SHOWS PROMISING RESULTS
FOR PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL CANCER
A new surgical technique could allow surgeons to
perform a radical hysterectomy in patients with
early-stage cervical cancer—with fewer complications,
reduced morbidity, and a lower risk of local tumour
recurrence than current surgical methods, according
to an Article
published Online first
and in the July edition of The Lancet Oncology.
The technique, called total mesometrial resection
(TMMR), is a modified version of the traditional
radical hysterectomy and involves more accurate,
anatomically based resection of the cancer to prevent
damage to the pelvic autonomic nervous system and
to minimise surgical trauma.
For over 100 years radical hysterectomy has been
the standard surgical treatment for early-stage
cervical cancer. However, the procedure has a relatively
high rate of tumour recurrence and many patients
experience postoperative bladder and bowel dysfunction
because of damage to the autonomic nerve system.
In addition, postoperative radiotherapy—given
as part of standard treatment—can have considerable
unpleasant side-effects.
Current surgical practice is to remove the pelvic
tissue adjacent to the tumour along with the cervix
because of the risk of it harbouring cervical cancer.
However, it has been suggested that local tumour
spread may be restricted to the Müllerian compartment
(fallopian tubes, uterus, and proximal, middle vagina
and their embryologically defined mesotissues) for
relatively long phases in its natural course, and
that the removal of the complete Müllerian compartment
in early-stage disease could improve local tumour
control while reducing surgery-associated morbidity.
To improve on traditional radical hysterectomy and
to show that the early stages of tumour growth are
confined to the Müllerian compartment, Michael Höckel
and colleagues assessed the effectiveness of TMMR
without radiotherapy, in 212 patients with early-stage
cervical cancer between 1999 and 2008 at the University
of Leipzig in Germany. In this study, they report
the histopathological tumour stages, resection margins,
local recurrence, surgical morbidity, and 5-year
outcomes of these patients.
Overall, findings showed recurrence-free survival
of 94% and 5-year survival of 96%, with low
treatment-related disease. At a median follow-up
of 41 months only 10 patients had a recurrence of
their cancer.
In addition, although 63% (134 patients) had high-risk
histopathologic factors such as positive lymph-nodes
and large tumour size, the overall recurrence
rate was only 5%. This is considerably better
than the 28% overall recurrence rate seen in similar
patients treated with the normal surgical technique
of radical hysterectomy. Indeed, the 5-year survival
in patients with positive lymph-nodes was 91%, compared
with previous reports in similar patients of 68–78%.
Importantly, 132 (63%) patients had no treatment-related
complications, 75 (35%) had grade 1 complications,
just 20 (9%) of patients experienced grade 2 complications,
and no grade 3 or 4 complications were reported.
The authors say that: “Based on historical
controls, TMMR without adjuvant radiation has the
potential to improve survival by
15–20%.” They conclude by calling for
further evaluation of the technique with multi-institutional
controlled trials.
Professor Michael Höckel, University of Leipzig,
Leipzig, Germany.
michael.hoeckel(no spam)uniklinik-leipzig.de
For full Article,
see:
http://press.thelancet.com/tlocervical.pdf
Martine Persico
Elsevier - The Lancet
360 Park Avenue South
New York, NY 10010
(T) 212-633-3810
(F) 212-633-3913
E-mail: pressoffice@lancet.com
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